Epidemiology
The study of disease patterns. It helps guide prevention.
Outbreak
A sudden increase in disease cases. It requires rapid response.
Pandemic
A disease that spreads across countries. It affects large populations.
Surveillance
Monitoring health data. It helps detect trends.
Prevention
Actions that reduce disease risk. Examples include vaccines.
Health Promotion
Activities that encourage healthy behaviors. They improve well being.
Risk Factor
A trait that increases disease likelihood. It may be behavioral or genetic.
Immunity
The body’s ability to resist infection. It may be natural or acquired.
Quarantine
Separating people exposed to disease. It helps prevent spread.
Isolation
Separating sick individuals. It protects others.
Vector
An organism that spreads disease. Examples include mosquitoes.
Transmission
The way disease spreads. It may be through air contact or fluids.
Incubation Period
The time between exposure and symptoms. It varies by disease.
Morbidity
The rate of illness in a population. It helps measure impact.
Mortality
The rate of death in a population. It helps assess severity.
Screening
Tests that detect disease early. They improve outcomes.
Intervention
Actions taken to improve health. They may be individual or community based.
Health Equity
Fair access to health resources. It reduces disparities.
Policy
A rule that guides health decisions. It affects communities.
Community Health
The well being of a group of people. It depends on resources and environment.